Yellow-shouldered Blackbird

Overview

The Yellow-shouldered Blackbird is a black-plumaged songbird endemic to Puerto Rico and small nearby islands such as Mona Island. It is identified by a bright yellow patch on the shoulder (lesser wing coverts), contrasting with otherwise glossy black plumage. The species occupies a limited range of coastal mangrove, dry scrub, and palm habitats.

Feather Identification

• Body feathers: Glossy black overall, including the head, back, and underparts
• Shoulder feathers: Bright yellow patch on the lesser wing coverts, a key field mark
• Wing and tail feathers: Black, without additional pale patches
• Similar species: Distinguished from other red-winged blackbird relatives by yellow (not red) shoulder patches and its restricted island range

Plumage Details

Adults are glossy black overall with a bright yellow patch on the shoulder (lesser wing coverts). Sexes are similar in pattern, with males averaging slightly larger. Juveniles are duller, with a less defined and smaller yellow shoulder patch that becomes more prominent with maturity.

Habitat & Range

Yellow-shouldered Blackbirds are endemic to Puerto Rico and Mona Island, where they inhabit coastal mangroves, dry scrub, and palm groves. The species has a naturally limited range and is largely resident, remaining within its island habitat year-round.

Behavior & Field Notes

Yellow-shouldered Blackbirds forage for insects and other invertebrates, often in mangroves and coastal scrub. They nest colonially in mangroves and other vegetation, sometimes in association with other blackbird species. Calls include harsh chattering notes typical of the genus. Because of its restricted range, the species is closely monitored in its native island habitats.