Spot-winged Grosbeak

Overview

The Spot-winged Grosbeak occupies broadleaf and mixed montane forest across the Himalayas and into parts of Southeast Asia. It is closely related to other large black-and-yellow Mycerobas grosbeaks but is distinguished by rows of bold white spots across the wing coverts and flight feathers. It forages in pairs or small groups in forest canopy, favoring fruiting and seeding trees.

Feather Identification

• Wing feathers show a series of neat white spots across the coverts and flight feathers, the species' most diagnostic feature, distinguishing it from plain-winged or white-patched relatives
• Male head and back feathers are black, contrasting with bright yellow underparts and rump
• Bill is large and conical, typical of the genus, suited for crushing seeds and fruit stones
• Females are duller, showing grayish-olive tones with reduced or less distinct white wing spotting
• Tail feathers are black, occasionally with faint pale tips
• Distinguished from Collared and White-winged Grosbeaks by the spotted (rather than plain black or solid white-patched) wing pattern

Plumage Notes

Adult males show a black head and back, bright yellow underparts, and wings marked with rows of white spots. Females are duller and grayer, with less distinct spotting on the wings. Juveniles resemble females. A single annual molt follows breeding.

Habitat & Range

Found along the Himalayas and extending into parts of Southeast Asia, in broadleaf and mixed montane forest at middle to high elevations. It shows some altitudinal movement, particularly descending in winter, but does not undertake long-distance migration.

Behavior & Field Notes

Spot-winged Grosbeaks forage in pairs or small groups in forest canopy, feeding on seeds, fruit, and buds using their powerful bill. Nests are built in trees within forest cover. The call is a loud whistle or chattering note typical of Mycerobas grosbeaks. It is often detected by voice or by the flash of white wing spots as it moves through the canopy.