
Red-bellied Woodpecker
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Piciformes, Family: Picidae, Genus: Melanerpes, Species: M. carolinus
Family: Picidae (Woodpeckers and allies)
- Shape
- Symmetrical vane with a stiff, pointed tip adapted for propping against tree bark
- Size
- Approximately 3 to 4 inches long, standard for a medium-sized woodpecker tail feather
- Rarity
- Very Common
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Description
The Red-bellied Woodpecker is a vibrant medium-sized woodpecker recognized by its striking black-and-white zebra-striped back and wings, and a bright red cap and nape. This stiff tail feather is specially adapted to act as a prop when the bird clings vertically to tree trunks while hammering wood for insects.
Colour & Pattern
Dark charcoal-black background with bold, striking white barring across both vanes and distinctive white spotting near the tip
Barb Structure
Pennaceous vane with tightly interlocked barbs and barbicels, stiffened rachis, and a small tuft of downy barbs at the base
Texture & Surface
Stiff, rigid, smooth, and matte finish designed for mechanical durability against rough bark
Key Features
Bold black and white ladder-like barring, stiff rigid structure, pointed tip typical of woodpecker tail feathers, and clean white spotting
Habitat
Deciduous and mixed forests, swamps, woodlots, suburban parks, and residential neighborhoods with mature trees
Geographic Range
Year-round resident throughout the eastern and central United States, extending south to the Gulf Coast and occasionally into southern Canada
Ecological Role
Acts as an important secondary cavity excavator, creating nesting holes used by many other secondary cavity-nesting birds and mammals
Similar Species
Golden-fronted Woodpecker and Downy Woodpecker, distinguished primarily by size and exact barring patterns on the outer tail feathers
Interesting Facts
Despite its name, the Red-bellied Woodpecker actually has only a faint wash of red on its lower belly, which is often difficult to see in the field; its most prominent feature is the bright red head cap.
Condition Notes
Good condition with intact barbs, minor wear at the very tip consistent with normal foraging use