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Eastern Towhee (Rufous-sided Towhee)
Tail feather (Rectrix)

Eastern Towhee (Rufous-sided Towhee)

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Passeriformes, Family: Passerellidae, Genus: Pipilo, Species: P. erythrophthalmus

Family: Passerellidae (New World Sparrows)

Shape
Symmetrical vane, slightly rounded tip, elongated outline with a distinct white patch.
Size
Approximately 3 to 4 inches long, standard size for a medium-to-large New World sparrow rectrix.
Rarity
Common
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Description

The Eastern Towhee is a large, striking sparrow with bold black upperparts, rich rufous flanks, and clean white underparts. Their tail feathers are prominently flashed during territorial displays, featuring stark white tips on the outer rectrices.

Colour & Pattern

Solid deep black/dark charcoal base with a prominent, clean white patch at the distal tip of the inner web.

Barb Structure

Pennaceous vane with tightly interlocked barbs and barbules, showing firm structure and minimal fraying.

Texture & Surface

Smooth, firm, and matte texture with strong interlocking barbs creating a rigid vane suitable for steering during flight.

Key Features

Solid black vane contrasting sharply with a bright white terminal patch on the outer tail feather.

Habitat

Brushy thickets, overgrown fields, scrubby woodlands, forest edges, and overgrown brush piles.

Geographic Range

Resident and breeding across the eastern half of the United States and southeastern Canada.

Ecological Role

Acts as an important seed disperser and insect predator in brushy understory habitats, also serving as a frequent host for brood parasites like the Brown-headed Cowbird.

Similar Species

Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus), which has white spotting on the back and wing coverts; other large sparrows lack the bold white tail tip pattern.

Interesting Facts

Eastern Towhees get their common name from their characteristic, loud call note which sounds like 'drink-it-weed' or 'towhee'.

Condition Notes

Good condition with slight wear at the very tip, intact barbs, and no visible parasitic damage.