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Dark-eyed Junco
Contour body feather

Dark-eyed Junco

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Passeriformes, Family: Passerellidae, Genus: Junco, Species: J. hyemalis

Family: Passerellidae (New World Sparrows)

Shape
Symmetrical vane with a rounded tip
Size
Approximately 1.5 to 2 inches long, consistent with small passerine contour feathers
Rarity
Very Common
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Description

The Dark-eyed Junco is a neat, medium-sized sparrow with a rounded head, stout bill, and long tail. Often referred to as 'snowbirds' due to their arrival with winter weather, they are delightful visitors to backyard feeders.

Colour & Pattern

Charcoal gray transitioning to a lighter greyish-white base with a distinct white edge along the outer web typical of a slate-colored form morph

Barb Structure

Pennaceous upper vane grading into plumulaceous base with a fluffy downy tuft

Texture & Surface

Soft and silky texture, matte appearance with good flexibility and insulation properties

Key Features

Contrasting dark grey upper section with crisp white margins on the outer web and a fluffy white basal down

Habitat

Coniferous and mixed forests, woodland edges, brushy areas, and suburban yards during winter

Geographic Range

Widespread across North America, breeding in boreal and mountainous forests, and wintering throughout most of the United States and Mexico

Ecological Role

Important seed disperser and forager on the forest floor, consuming vast quantities of weed seeds and insects

Similar Species

Other small sparrows or towhees, distinguished by the slate-gray and clean white contrast unique to the Dark-eyed Junco

Interesting Facts

Juncos are part of the New World sparrow family and are known for their characteristic flash of white outer tail feathers when they take flight

Condition Notes

Good condition with minor wear at the edges, intact rachis, and clean barbs