
Great Horned Owl (also known as Tiger Owl or Hoot Owl)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Strigiformes, Family: Strigidae, Genus: Bubo, Species: Bubo virginianus
Family: Strigidae (Typical Owls)
- Shape
- Broad and symmetrical with a slightly rounded tip. The outline is somewhat rectangular or spatulate rather than tapered, indicating its role in providing surface area for silent flight.
- Size
- Estimated 7.5 to 9 inches (19-23 cm) in length. This is consistent with the tail feathers of a Great Horned Owl, which generally measure between 7 and 10 inches depending on the individual's size.
- Rarity
- Common; it is the most widely distributed owl in North America and frequently encountered by birders via its deep hooting calls.
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Description
A large, thick-bodied owl with prominent ear tufts (plumicorns) and a white throat patch. They possess a wingspan of 3 to 5 feet and are known for their golden-yellow eyes and powerful grip.
Colour & Pattern
Base color of cream to light buff with 7-9 distinct, dark brown horizontal bars. The bars are 'mottled' rather than solid, showing a classic salt-and-pepper texture characteristic of the species.
Barb Structure
The structure features a mix of pennaceous (interlocked) barbs at the tip and plumulaceous (downy) barbs near the base. Most notably, it has a soft, velvety fringe (fimbriae) on the edges to dampen sound.
Texture & Surface
Extremely soft and velvety to the touch. The surface has a 'matte' finish due to a specialized pile or 'bloom' that absorbs light and sound, characteristic of nocturnal predators.
Key Features
Bold, dark horizontal banding; soft, 'fuzzy' surface texture for silent flight; broad tail shape; and a cream-colored base with heavy dark-brown mottling.
Habitat
Highly adaptable; found in deciduous and evergreen forests, swamps, deserts, tundra edges, tropical rainforests, cities, and suburban parks.
Geographic Range
Year-round resident across most of North America, from the Arctic tree line south through Central America and much of South America.
Ecological Role
An apex predator; plays a vital role in controlling populations of rodents, rabbits, and even other birds of prey. Status is generally stable (Least Concern).
Similar Species
Long-eared Owl feathers are smaller with narrower banding; Barred Owl feathers have cleaner, more defined white-and-brown contrast without the heavy 'mottling' seen here.
Interesting Facts
Great Horned Owls are one of the few predators that regularly hunt skunks because they have a very poor sense of smell. They can exert over 300 pounds per square inch of pressure with their talons.
Condition Notes
Good condition overall, though showing some minor 'splitting' of the vanes near the mid-section and slight wear at the tip. No obvious signs of parasite damage or fault bars.