
Red-tailed Hawk (Eastern form or Adult typical)
Kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Chordata; Class: Aves; Order: Accipitriformes; Family: Accipitridae; Genus: Buteo; Species: Buteo jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Slightly asymmetrical but largely spatulate, with a rounded tip and a straight rachis typical of central or near-central tail feathers.
- Size
- Estimated 7-9 inches (18-23 cm) in length and 1.5-2 inches in width; matches the dimensions of adult Buteo tail feathers.
- Rarity
- Very Common; one of the most widespread and frequently seen raptors in North America.
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Description
A classic adult tail feather from a Red-tailed Hawk. The bird itself is a large, bulky raptor with broad, rounded wings and the namesake cinnabar-red tail in adults. Immature birds lack this red tail, instead possessing brown-and-white banded feathers.
Colour & Pattern
Uniform rufous-red or brick-red on the dorsal surface with a very faint, thin subterminal dark band near the tip. Ventral surface is a paler, pinkish-cinnamon.
Barb Structure
Pennaceous; tightly interlocked barbs for wind resistance with a small amount of plumulaceous (downy) structure at the very base of the calamus.
Texture & Surface
Smooth, stiff, and somewhat matte. The surface is durable to withstand the mechanical stress of braking and steering during flight.
Key Features
Solid rufous color without bold barring; stiff rectrix structure; size consistent with a large Buteo hawk.
Habitat
Extremely varied: open woodlands, agricultural fields, scrublands, deserts, and urban highway margins where high perches are available.
Geographic Range
Year-round resident across most of North America; northernmost populations (Canada/Alaska) migrate to the Southern US and Central America during winter.
Ecological Role
Apex predator; primarily controls rodent and rabbit populations, though also opportunistic with reptiles and smaller birds.
Similar Species
Red-shouldered Hawk (smaller, bold black/white bars), Ferruginous Hawk (larger, often paler tail), or Cooper's Hawk (gray/brown with thick bands).
Interesting Facts
The scream of the Red-tailed Hawk is so iconic that it is almost always used in Hollywood movies to represent any eagle or hawk, including the Bald Eagle.
Condition Notes
Good condition; showing minor wear and fraying at the tip and edges, likely a naturally molted feather (post-breeding season).