
Red-tailed Hawk (Chicken Hawk)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, Kites, and Old World Vultures)
- Shape
- Symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical vane with a rounded tip, broad outline, and distinct dark and light banding patterns.
- Size
- Approximately 8 to 10 inches long, consistent with a medium-to-large raptor secondary flight feather. Typical secondaries for this species range from 7 to 11 inches.
- Rarity
- Very Common
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a robust, stocky bird of prey with broad, rounded wings and a short, wide tail. Adults typically feature a rich brown back and pale breast with a streaked belly band, alongside the signature brick-red tail. They are masters of soaring flight.
Colour & Pattern
Strong alternating pattern of dark brown/black bars across a pale greyish-white and buff background. The rachis is white near the base and darker distally.
Barb Structure
Pennaceous vane with tightly interlocked barbs and barbicels along the main shaft, transitioning to plumulaceous (fluffy) downy barbs at the extreme base.
Texture & Surface
Stiff, smooth, and matte finish with high aerodynamic rigidity along the vane and a soft, fluffy downy tuft at the basal calamus.
Key Features
Distinctive dark brown and white/buff barring across a broad, stiff vane with a stout white rachis and a characteristic fluffy downy base.
Habitat
Extremely adaptable, inhabiting deserts, scrublands, urban areas, roadside corridors, agricultural fields, coniferous and deciduous woodlands, and grasslands.
Geographic Range
Widespread across North America, extending from western Alaska and northern Canada down through Central America and the Caribbean.
Ecological Role
Apex avian predator playing a critical role in controlling rodent and small mammal populations, serving as a primary indicator of healthy open-country ecosystems.
Similar Species
Cooper's Hawk or Sharp-shinned Hawk feathers, which are typically smaller and narrower; Swainson's Hawk, which has narrower and differently patterned flight feathers.
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed Hawks have incredible vision, allowing them to spot a mouse from a height of 100 feet. They are also the most common hawk used in North American falconry.
Condition Notes
Good condition with intact barbs, slight natural wear at the tip, and clean shaft without fault bars or parasitic damage.