
Northern Flicker (Yellow-shafted or Red-shafted subspecies)
Kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Chordata; Class: Aves; Order: Piciformes; Family: Picidae; Genus: Colaptes; Species: Colaptes auratus
Family: Picidae (Woodpeckers)
- Shape
- Rounded and fan-like with a slightly spatulate tip; notably bifurcated or notched at the apex due to wear or specific anatomy.
- Size
- Approximately 4-6 cm (1.5-2.5 inches) in length; typical for breast or flank contour feathers of this species.
- Rarity
- Common
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Description
A medium-sized woodpecker with a brownish barred back and a black crescent on the chest. This feather displays the warm, salmon-toned hues found on the underparts of the Western populations, which rely on carotenoid pigments for their vibrant color.
Colour & Pattern
Salmon-pink to peach-orange wash on the distal half, characteristic of the 'Red-shafted' expression. It features a distinctive dark brown or black subterminal spot or terminal margin common in flicker plumage.
Barb Structure
Transitioning from plumulaceous (fluffy/loose) at the base to pennaceous (interlocked) at the distal end; distal barbs are stiff and well-defined.
Texture & Surface
Smooth and slightly glossy at the pigmented tip while the lower half is extremely soft, downy, and matte.
Key Features
Diagnostic salmon-orange/pink coloration combined with a dark terminal spot and a fluffy, downy base.
Habitat
Open woodlands, forest edges, yards, and parks; notably more terrestrial than other woodpeckers, often foraging on the ground for ants.
Geographic Range
Common across North America; 'Red-shafted' forms are primarily Western, 'Yellow-shafted' Eastern, with a wide hybrid zone through the Great Plains.
Ecological Role
Primary cavity nester; creates homes for many other 'secondary' cavity-nesting species like flycatchers and bluebirds. Acts as a major predator of wood-boring insects and ants.
Similar Species
Gilded Flicker (more yellow-gold), various larger Woodpeckers (lack the specific salmon-pink wash and spotting pattern).
Interesting Facts
Unlike most woodpeckers, Northern Flickers primarily eat ants and beetles they find by drumming and digging in the dirt with their slightly curved bills.
Condition Notes
Good condition, though the tip shows naturally occurring splitting or light wear typical of a molted body feather.