
Red-tailed Hawk (also known as the chicken hawk or red tail)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Symmetrical vane, broadly rounded tip, tapering nicely toward the base with a soft, rounded outline
- Size
- Approximately 4 to 5 inches long, typical of large body contour feathers from a medium-to-large sized Buteo hawk
- Rarity
- Very Common, one of the most abundant and widely distributed hawks in North America
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a robust, formidable raptor characterized by its broad wings, short fan-shaped tail, and distinctive russet-red tail feathers in adults. They are powerful aerial hunters with sharp talons and acute eyesight, often seen soaring in lazy circles over open fields or perched prominently on roadside utility poles.
Colour & Pattern
Rich warm rufous-brown and cinnamon tones, featuring subtle dark brown barring and shaft streaks, with a whitish-buff base and lighter margins typical of an adult Red-tailed Hawk's morph variant
Barb Structure
Pennaceous at the upper distal end and transitioning to soft, plumulaceous (fluffy) downy barbs at the proximal base; barbs are intact and well-interlocked
Texture & Surface
Smooth and firm at the distal tip for aerodynamics and protection, becoming soft and fluffy near the base for thermal insulation; matte finish
Key Features
Warm rufous-brown coloration, subtle dark barring, rounded contour shape with a fluffy base, and sturdy straw-colored central rachis characteristic of large Buteo body feathers
Habitat
Found in a remarkably diverse array of habitats including deserts, scrublands, urban areas, agricultural fields, coniferous and deciduous forests, and grasslands
Geographic Range
Widespread throughout North America, breeding from western Alaska and northern Canada down to Panama and the Caribbean; northern populations are migratory
Ecological Role
Acts as a top apex avian predator helping to regulate populations of small mammals, rodents, and reptiles, serving as a vital indicator of ecosystem health
Similar Species
Swainson's Hawk, Ferruginous Hawk, and Rough-legged Hawk, which share similar habitats and general Buteo body structures; distinguished mainly by exact color tones, precise barring patterns, and size
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed hawks have incredible visual acuity, capable of spotting a mouse from a height of 100 feet; their distinctive screaming call is frequently used in Hollywood films to sound wilderness or dramatic tension regardless of the setting
Condition Notes
Good condition, barbs are largely intact with minimal fraying or wear, showing a clean shaft and well-preserved vane structure