
Red-tailed Hawk (Chicken Hawk, Red-tail)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, Kites, and Old World Vultures)
- Shape
- Symmetrical vane with a rounded tip, broad and slightly oval outline without notching
- Size
- Approximately 5 to 6 inches long, consistent with a large body or covert feather from a medium-to-large raptor
- Rarity
- Very Common and widespread across its natural range
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a powerful, robust raptor with broad, rounded wings and a short, wide tail that typically shows a brick-red color in adults. They are master soarers, frequently spotted circling high over fields or perching prominently on roadside poles
Colour & Pattern
Rich rufous-brown tips with distinct dark triangular or teardrop-shaped spots, transitioning to a clean white and pale grey base with a sturdy white rachis
Barb Structure
Pennaceous at the tip with tightly interlocked barbs and functional barbicels, transitioning to plumulaceous (fluffy, downy) structure at the base
Texture & Surface
Smooth, slightly glossy appearance at the tip with a soft, plumulaceous base; rigid enough to maintain shape while retaining flexibility
Key Features
Diagnostic rich rufous/cinnamon coloration combined with dark spotting near the rounded apex and a clean white base
Habitat
Open country, deserts, scrublands, urban areas, deciduous and coniferous forests, agricultural fields, and roadside habitats
Geographic Range
Widely distributed throughout North America, ranging from Alaska and northern Canada down through Central America and the Caribbean
Ecological Role
Acts as an apex avian predator helping to regulate rodent and small mammal populations, serving as an important ecological indicator of environmental health
Similar Species
Swainson's Hawk and Ferruginous Hawk, which can be distinguished by different patterning, size, and regional distribution
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed Hawks have incredible eyesight capable of spotting a mouse from 100 feet in the air, and their haunting scream is commonly used in Hollywood films to sound like any soaring eagle or hawk
Condition Notes
Good condition with intact barbs and a strong rachis, showing minimal wear or fading