
Red-shouldered Hawk
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: Buteo lineatus
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Relatively symmetrical with a broad, rounded tip and a slight curve along the longitudinal axis, typical of a secondary.
- Size
- Approximately 7 to 9 inches (18–23 cm) in length, fitting the mid-range for an adult Buteo lineatus secondary.
- Rarity
- Common; widely distributed and frequently seen or heard in appropriate wooded habitats.
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Description
A medium-sized hawk with 'cold' black and white checkered wings and a warm rufous (reddish) breast. The feather shown exhibits the iconic bold banding that makes these hawks easy to identify in flight from below.
Colour & Pattern
Distinctive high-contrast banding featuring wide, dark brownish-black bars alternating with crisp white or cream-colored sections. The tip is dark.
Barb Structure
Densely interlocked pennaceous barbs throughout most of the vane for flight integrity, transitioning to plumulaceous (downy) barbs at the very base (calamus).
Texture & Surface
Smooth, stiff, and somewhat glossy on the dorsal surface, designed to be wind-resistant and durable during flight.
Key Features
High-contrast dark and white banding of roughly equal width; secondary feather shape; yellowish rachis; lack of the 'faded' transition seen in Red-tailed Hawks.
Habitat
Deciduous or mixed woodlands, often near water sources such as rivers, swamps, or wooded wetlands.
Geographic Range
Year-round resident in the Eastern United States, California, and parts of Mexico; northern populations may migrate slightly south in winter.
Ecological Role
Generalist predator; controls populations of small mammals, amphibians, and reptiles (snakes/frogs). They are indicators of healthy forest-wetland complexes.
Similar Species
Broad-winged Hawk (shorter, less contrast), Red-tailed Hawk (bands are narrower and less crisp on secondaries), Cooper's Hawk (longer, more tapered shape).
Interesting Facts
The Red-shouldered Hawk is one of the most vocal North American hawks, often giving a loud 'kee-aah' call that is frequently mimicked by Blue Jays.
Condition Notes
Good condition; the barbs are mostly intact with minimal fraying, suggesting a relatively fresh molt.