
Great Horned Owl (also known as Tiger Owl or Hoot Owl)
Kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Chordata; Class: Aves; Order: Strigiformes; Family: Strigidae; Genus: Bubo; Species: Bubo virginianus
Family: Strigidae (Typical Owls)
- Shape
- Highly asymmetrical vane, elongated with a distinctly rounded tip and a broad base; leading edge shows characteristic emargination for silent flight.
- Size
- Estimated at 9-11 inches (23-28 cm) in length; consistent with a large adult Great Horned Owl primary feather, which typically ranges from 8 to 12 inches.
- Rarity
- Common; one of the most widespread and successful owls in the Americas, though feathers are often hidden in dense roosting spots.
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Description
A magnificent large owl with prominent ear tufts and a white throat patch. The feather is part of a 3-5 foot wingspan that allows this 'Tiger of the Air' to hunt everything from skunks to other raptors. Their flight is famously silent, and their deep 'hoo-h'hoo-hoo' is a staple of night-time acoustics.
Colour & Pattern
Mottled brown and tawny-buff base with distinct dark chocolate-brown transverse bands (barring). The ventral side is lighter and more silvery. Patterning provides excellent camouflage against tree bark.
Barb Structure
Densely pennaceous at the core but with a specialized soft, velvety upper surface (fimbriae) and a comb-like fringe on the leading edge to break up air turbulence; the base shows plumulaceous (downy) barbs for insulation.
Texture & Surface
Extremely soft and silky to the touch (velvety) due to specialized barbicels that dampen sound; matte appearance with no iridescence; stiff rachis for structural integrity during flight.
Key Features
Soft velvety texture, comb-like leading edge (flutings), and bold, irregular dark brown banding on a buff-tan background; large size and asymmetrical vane.
Habitat
Highly adaptable: found in deciduous and evergreen forests, swamps, desert canyons, subalpine and arctic tundra, as well as urban parks and residential areas.
Geographic Range
Year-round resident throughout most of North America, from the tree line in the Arctic south through Central and parts of South America.
Ecological Role
Apex nocturnal predator; controls populations of rodents, rabbits, and even other birds of prey. Their presence indicates a healthy, diverse food web.
Similar Species
Long-eared Owl (smaller, more orange tones), Barred Owl (more regular/clean banding, lacks the tawny-orange wash), and Great Gray Owl (larger, grayer tones).
Interesting Facts
Great Horned Owls have a crushing power in their talons of up to 500 psi. They are one of the few animals that regularly prey on skunks because they have a very poor sense of smell.
Condition Notes
Fair condition; showing significant wear and separation of the barbs (splits in the vane) likely due to environmental exposure or the molting process. Some fraying is visible at the tip.