
Red-tailed Hawk (Chicken Hawk, Red-tail)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Asymmetrical vane with a slightly curved, tapered tip and distinct emargination on the inner web, designed for aerodynamic efficiency and slotting during flight.
- Size
- Approximately 10 to 12 inches long, consistent with a medium-to-large sized primary flight feather for this species.
- Rarity
- Very Common and widespread across its natural geographic range.
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Description
A robust, broad-winged soaring hawk with a signature rusty-red tail in adults, broad rounded wings, and a pale chest with a streaked belly band.
Colour & Pattern
Rich brown and greyish-brown background with prominent, well-defined dark brown or blackish transverse bars and striking white to buff blocking along the inner web.
Barb Structure
Strongly pennaceous with tightly interlocked barbs and barbicels creating a smooth, durable vane. No significant afterfeather present.
Texture & Surface
Stiff, smooth, and semi-glossy with a firm, durable texture optimized to withstand strong air currents during soaring flight.
Key Features
Bold dark brown transverse banding combined with striking white patches on the inner web and a strong, robust rachis characteristic of large Buteo primaries.
Habitat
Extremely adaptable, inhabiting deserts, scrublands, scrub desert, urban areas, agricultural fields, grasslands, deciduous and coniferous forests.
Geographic Range
Widespread throughout North America, ranging from Alaska and northern Canada down through Central America and the Caribbean.
Ecological Role
Acts as a top avian apex predator helping to regulate rodent and small mammal populations, serving as a key ecological indicator of open country health.
Similar Species
Swainson's Hawk, Ferruginous Hawk, and Rough-legged Hawk feathers can appear similar but differ in subtle barring patterns and geographic overlap.
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed Hawks have exceptional eyesight, capable of spotting a mouse from a height of 100 feet, and are frequently featured in falconry and Native American culture.
Condition Notes
Good condition with intact barbs, minor natural wear at the tip, and clean shaft, indicating a normal seasonal molt.