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Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)
Flight feather, likely a secondary flight feather

Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis

Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)

Shape
Symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical vane, rounded tip, broad outline with distinct barred markings
Size
Estimated between 8 to 10 inches long, consistent with a medium-to-large Buteo secondary flight feather
Rarity
Very Common and widespread across its natural range
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Description

The Red-tailed Hawk is a robust raptor with broad wings and a short, wide tail. Adults typically feature a rich brown upperpart, pale underparts with a streaked belly band, and the signature rust-red tail. They are powerful soaring birds often seen circling open fields or perched on roadside poles.

Colour & Pattern

Rich brown background with distinct white and cream-colored chevron or transverse barring across both vanes; rachis is light brown to whitish

Barb Structure

Tightly interlocked pennaceous structure with strong barbs and well-developed hooklets; no afterfeather present; barbs are intact and well-conditioned

Texture & Surface

Stiff, smooth, and matte texture with strong rigid vanes designed for aerodynamic flight performance

Key Features

Distinctive alternating brown and white/cream bars across a broad pennaceous vane with a sturdy, light-colored rachis

Habitat

Extremely adaptable, found in deserts, scrublands, coniferous and deciduous forests, urban areas, agricultural fields, and grasslands

Geographic Range

Widespread throughout North America, ranging from western Alaska and northern Canada down through Central America and the Caribbean

Ecological Role

Acts as an apex avian predator helping control populations of small mammals, rodents, and reptiles, maintaining healthy ecosystem balances

Similar Species

Swainson's Hawk and Ferruginous Hawk, distinguishable by finer barring details, overall size, and specific regional coloration

Interesting Facts

Red-tailed Hawks have exceptional eyesight, capable of spotting a mouse from a height of 100 feet. Their iconic piercing scream is frequently used in Hollywood films to represent any soaring raptor or eagle.

Condition Notes

Good condition, fresh appearance with intact barbs and minimal fraying or wear