
Great Horned Owl (Hoot Owl, Tiger Owl, Winged Tiger)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Strigiformes, Family: Strigidae, Genus: Bubo, Species: Bubo virginianus
Family: Strigidae (Typical Owls)
- Shape
- Markedly asymmetrical with a narrow leading vane (outer) and a broad trailing vane (inner). The tip is rounded, and the leading edge shows 'fimbriae' or serrations typical of silent flight.
- Size
- Estimated at 28-32 cm (11-12.5 inches) long. This is consistent with a primary feather from a large adult Great Horned Owl, which typically range from 25 to 35 cm.
- Rarity
- Common. It is one of the most widespread and successful birds of prey in the Americas, though they are nocturnal and more often heard than seen.
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Description
A magnificent feather from the 'Tiger of the Air.' The Great Horned Owl is a heavy-bodied raptor with iconic ear tufts and yellow eyes. This feather exemplifies the owl's primary hunting adaptation: silence. The mottled earth tones allow the bird to disappear during the day while resting against tree trunks.
Colour & Pattern
Mottled brown and tawny-buff base with distinct, broad dark brown or charcoal transverse bands (bars). The bands are irregular and zig-flecked, providing excellent camouflage against tree bark. The rachis is creamy white to light tan.
Barb Structure
Pennaceous throughout most of the vane but with specialized plumulaceous (downy) fringes on the edges. The dorsal surface has a velvet-like 'pile' of soft barbules that dampen sound during wing beats.
Texture & Surface
Incredibly soft, velvety, and matte. Unlike hawk feathers which are stiff and glossy, this has a 'felt-like' texture designed to absorb high-frequency sounds, allowing for near-silent flight.
Key Features
Soft velvet-like surface pile, serrated leading edge (fimbriae), wide dark transverse bands on a buff background, and a thick, pale rachis.
Habitat
Extremely versatile: found in deciduous and coniferous forests, deserts, suburban parks, orchards, and agricultural areas. They prefer a mix of open areas for hunting and woodlots for nesting.
Geographic Range
Year-round resident across most of North and South America, from the subarctic treeline in Alaska and Canada down to the tip of South America. They are non-migratory.
Ecological Role
Apex predator. They control populations of rodents, skunks, and even other birds of prey. Their presence indicates a healthy, functioning ecosystem with a robust prey base.
Similar Species
Long-eared Owl (smaller, more orange), Barred Owl (shorter primaries, different banding pattern), and Great Gray Owl (larger, more uniform gray-brown with finer barring).
Interesting Facts
The 'hushing' sound-dampening serrations on these feathers were so effective that they have inspired the design of quiet fan blades and aircraft wings. These owls have a grip strength of over 300 psi.
Condition Notes
Fair to Good. Shows some separation of the barbs (splits) on the trailing vane and minor wear at the tip. The calamus is intact, suggesting a natural molt rather than a forced removal.