
Great Horned Owl (also known as Tiger Owl or Hoot Owl)
Kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Chordata; Class: Aves; Order: Strigiformes; Family: Strigidae; Genus: Bubo; Species: Bubo virginianus
Family: Strigidae (Typical Owls)
- Shape
- Asymmetrical with a broad trailing vane and narrower leading vane; rounded tip with distinct marginal fraying (fimbriae)
- Size
- Estimated 25 to 30 cm (10 to 12 inches) in length; the width is approximately 6 to 8 cm at the widest point, consistent with an adult large raptor
- Rarity
- Common; one of the most widespread and successful owls in the Americas
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Description
A magnificent large owl with prominent ear tufts and yellow eyes. The feather reflects the bird's stealthy nature, featuring a soft surface that dampens sound. The Great Horned Owl is a powerful predator with a wingspan of up to 5 feet.
Colour & Pattern
Mottled brown, tan, and creamy white; features 5-6 broad dark brown transverse bands against a buffy-ochre background; the ventral side is paler than the dorsal side
Barb Structure
Pennaceous upper section with specialized velvet-like pile (flutulaceous surface) and plumulaceous downy base; features a 'comb-like' leading edge (fimbriae) for silent flight
Texture & Surface
Extremely soft and velvety to the touch (the 'muffle' effect); matte finish with no iridescence; leading edge feels slightly serrated
Key Features
Broad dark banding, velvety surface texture (hirsute), and the 'fringed' trailing edge typical of nocturnal predators
Habitat
Highly adaptable: found in deciduous and evergreen forests, swamps, deserts, subalpine fields, and urban parks/orchards
Geographic Range
Year-round resident across most of North America (from the subarctic to Mexico), Central America, and South America
Ecological Role
Apex nocturnal predator; controls populations of rodents, rabbits, and other birds; long-lived and sensitive to environmental toxins
Similar Species
Long-eared Owl (smaller, different banding frequency) and Barred Owl (shorter bands, more grayish-brown rather than ochre/buff)
Interesting Facts
Great Horned Owls can exert over 300 pounds per square inch of pressure with their talons and are one of the few predators that regularly hunt skunks
Condition Notes
Fair to Good; shows significant mechanical wear on the barbs and some separation of the vane (splits), likely a naturally molted feather from an older bird