
Northern Flicker (Yellow-shafted form), Common Flicker, Yellow-shafted Woodpecker
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Piciformes, Family: Picidae, Genus: Colaptes, Species: C. auratus
Family: Picidae (Woodpeckers and allies)
- Shape
- Symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical vane, tapered tip with a rounded apex, elongated contour typical of medium-sized woodpecker flight feathers
- Size
- Approximately 5 to 6 inches long, consistent with a medium-sized woodpecker flight feather. Flight feathers for this species typically range from 4 to 7 inches.
- Rarity
- Common (regularly encountered and widespread across its range)
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Description
The Northern Flicker is a large, unique woodpecker known for spending much of its time on the ground foraging for ants. Measuring around 11-14 inches with a 17-21 inch wingspan, it features a brownish body barred with black, a white rump patch visible in flight, a black crescent on the chest, and a red nape mark in the yellow-shafted form. Its flight is strongly undulating.
Colour & Pattern
Vibrant golden-yellow rachis and proximal barbs fading into a dusky, brownish-grey tip with fine dark barring and speckling. The striking yellow shaft color is a hallmark of the eastern/northern 'Yellow-shafted' subspecies group.
Barb Structure
Tightly interlocked pennaceous structure along the main vane with strong barbicels, becoming slightly plumulaceous near the base. Intact and well-maintained condition.
Texture & Surface
Smooth, firm, and moderately stiff vane with a semi-glossy finish on the upper surface, providing durability for flight while retaining flexibility.
Key Features
Brilliant golden-yellow rachis (shaft) and yellow-tinted barbs on the proximal portion, coupled with a dark brownish-grey tip and fine dark barring, distinguishing it immediately from red-shafted flickers.
Habitat
Open woodlands, forest edges, clearings, scrublands, orchards, and suburban parks with scattered trees and dead snags for nesting and foraging.
Geographic Range
Widespread across North America, breeding from Alaska and Canada down through the United States to Central Mexico. Northern and eastern populations migrate south for the winter.
Ecological Role
Flickers are crucial keystone species; the tree cavities they excavate for nesting are subsequently used by dozens of other secondary cavity-nesting birds and mammals. They also help control ant populations.
Similar Species
Red-shafted Flicker (Colaptes auratus cafer), which features salmon-red or pinkish shafts and underwing linings instead of yellow. Hybrid zones exist where the two forms overlap.
Interesting Facts
Unlike most woodpeckers that hammer loudly on wood to excavate insects, flickers specialize in eating ants and beetles, using a specialized barbed tongue that can extend nearly two inches beyond the tip of their bill.
Condition Notes
Good to Excellent condition. The feather appears fresh with minimal wear, intact barbs, and strong structural integrity, likely lost during the annual post-breeding molt.
Notes
Saskatchewan