
Red-tailed Hawk (also known as the Buzzard or Chicken Hawk)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, Kites, and Old World Vultures)
- Shape
- Symmetrical oval-rounded vane with a rounded tip, offering a broad aerodynamic surface
- Size
- Approximately 4 to 5 inches long, standard for a medium-to-large contour body feather of an adult Red-tailed Hawk
- Rarity
- Very Common, one of the most frequently encountered and widely distributed diurnal raptors on the North American continent
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a robust, powerful bird of prey with broad, rounded wings and a short, wide tail. Adults typically feature a rich brown back, pale underparts with a streaked belly band, and the signature bright brick-red tail. They are masters of soaring flight, frequently seen perched on roadside utility poles or circling lazily over open fields.
Colour & Pattern
Striking horizontal or slightly wavy dark chocolate-brown bars alternating with clean white and buff-cream blocks, creating a classic raptor camouflage pattern
Barb Structure
Pennaceous at the upper distal tip with tightly interlocked barbicels, transitioning into a soft, plumulaceous fluffy downy base near the calamus
Texture & Surface
Smooth and firm along the upper pennaceous vane with a matte finish, becoming soft, silky, and downy at the proximal base
Key Features
Distinctive high-contrast alternating bands of rich brown and clean white/buff, coupled with a rounded tip and a fluffy plumulaceous base characteristic of a large accipitrid contour feather
Habitat
Incredibly adaptable, found across deserts, scrublands, urban areas, grasslands, agricultural fields, and deciduous or coniferous forests
Geographic Range
Widespread year-round resident across most of North America, extending from western Alaska and Canada down through Central America and the Caribbean
Ecological Role
Acts as an apex avian predator helping to regulate rodent and small mammal populations, thereby maintaining healthy agricultural and natural grassland ecosystems
Similar Species
Swainson's Hawk and Ferruginous Hawk, though their contour feathers often feature different undertones, finer barring, or distinct regional color morph variations
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed Hawks have exceptional vision, capable of spotting a mouse from a height of 100 feet. Their iconic piercing scream is frequently used in Hollywood films to sound like any eagle or hawk, regardless of the bird shown on screen
Condition Notes
Excellent condition with intact barbs, clean edges, vibrant coloration, and no signs of sun bleaching, feather mites, or structural breakage