
Great Horned Owl (Hoot Owl, Tiger Owl)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Strigiformes, Family: Strigidae, Genus: Bubo, Species: Bubo virginianus
Family: Strigidae (Typical Owls)
- Shape
- Asymmetrical vane, rounded to slightly tapering tip, characteristic silent-flight leading edge with velvety texture.
- Size
- Approximately 10-12 inches long, consistent with a primary flight feather from a medium-large individual. Typical primaries for this species range from 9 to 14 inches.
- Rarity
- Common and widespread throughout its extensive natural range.
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Description
A magnificent and powerful nocturnal predator, the Great Horned Owl is easily recognized by its prominent ear tufts, large yellow eyes, and deep hooting call. It is a top apex predator of the night skies.
Colour & Pattern
Mottled earthy browns, grays, and buff tones with distinct dark brown horizontal barring across both vanes. Melanin-based pigmentation providing camouflage.
Barb Structure
Pennaceous with highly specialized plumulaceous modifications. The leading edge features comb-like fringes (fimbriae) and the surface has a velvet-like pile that dampens sound during flight. Barbs are intact and well-interlocked with barbicels.
Texture & Surface
Remarkably soft, velvety, and matte in texture due to specialized micro-structure (downy nanofibrils) on the barbules that absorb sound, contrasting with a stiffer core shaft.
Key Features
Distinctive dark barring on a mottled grayish-brown background combined with a velvet-like, sound-dampening leading edge unique to owls.
Habitat
Incredibly adaptable, found in deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forests, deserts, swamps, tundra edges, agricultural areas, and urban parks.
Geographic Range
Widespread throughout the Americas, ranging from the subarctic regions of Canada and Alaska down through the United States, Central America, and into South America.
Ecological Role
Acts as a vital apex nocturnal predator, helping to regulate rodent, rabbit, and other small-to-medium mammal populations across diverse ecosystems.
Similar Species
Barred Owl (Strix varia) and Snowy Owl (Bubo scandiacus), distinguished primarily by different barring patterns and lighter or darker background coloration.
Interesting Facts
Great Horned Owls are capable of exerting a crushing foot pressure of over 300 pounds per square inch, rivaling that of an adult bald eagle.
Condition Notes
Good condition, showing minor wear at the extreme tip but maintaining strong structural integrity with no major breaks or parasitic damage.