
Common Murre (also known as the Common Guillemot)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Charadriiformes, Family: Alcidae, Genus: Uria, Species: U. aalge
Family: Alcidae (Auks, Murres, and Puffins)
- Shape
- Symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical vane with a broad, rounded, uniquely truncated, and velvety-dark tip
- Size
- Approximately 2 to 3 inches long, consistent with upper back or scapular contour feathers of a medium-sized alcid
- Rarity
- Common within its specialized marine coastal range, though localized to specific breeding colonies
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Description
The Common Murre is a large, dark-backed auk with a slender pointed bill, dark brown head and back, and crisp white underparts. They spend most of their lives at sea, coming ashore only to breed on crowded, sheer coastal cliffs.
Colour & Pattern
Strikingly bicolored with a rich, glossy dark brown to blackish tip and distal edge, sharply contrasting against a brilliant snowy white basal and inner web area
Barb Structure
Pennaceous upper vane transitioning smoothly into a fine, dense plumulaceous base with a small, rudimentary afterfeather
Texture & Surface
Silky and smooth with a tight, water-repellent pennaceous tip and a soft, downy base
Key Features
Sharp demarcation between deep dark brown-black melanin pigmentation at the tip and clean white basal regions, coupled with a velvety texture
Habitat
Marine pelagic environments, rocky cliffs, coastal waters, and offshore islands during the breeding season
Geographic Range
Circumpolar distribution in cold subarctic and temperate waters of the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans
Ecological Role
Important marine apex predator and forage fish consumer, serving as a key bioindicator for the health of northern marine ecosystems
Similar Species
Thick-billed Murre (Uria lomvia) and Razorbill (Alca torda), distinguished by subtler bill structures and slight variations in mantle feather tipping
Interesting Facts
Common Murres lay a single pyriform (pear-shaped) egg directly on bare rock ledges; the unique shape prevents the egg from rolling off the cliffside in the wind
Condition Notes
Good condition with intact barbs and minimal fraying along the edges