
Great Horned Owl (also known as Tiger Owl or Hoot Owl)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Strigiformes, Family: Strigidae, Genus: Bubo, Species: Bubo virginianus
Family: Strigidae (Typical Owls)
- Shape
- Broadly spatulate and rounded. The vane is somewhat asymmetrical with a blunt, soft-curved tip and wide base.
- Size
- Approximately 4 to 5 inches (10-13 cm) in length. This size is consistent with body contour feathers of a large raptor; flight feathers for this species are significantly larger (10-15 inches).
- Rarity
- Common; one of the most widespread and successful owls in the Americas, though rarely seen due to its nocturnal habits.
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Description
This feather belongs to the 'Tiger of the Air,' a large, powerful owl with prominent ear tufts. The bird itself is mottled gray-brown with a white throat patch and piercing yellow eyes. Its wingspan reaches up to 5 feet.
Colour & Pattern
Mottled brown, tan, and cream-white. It features irregular horizontal 'vermiculations' or wavy barring characteristic of Great Horned Owl plumage, designed for bark-mimicry camouflage.
Barb Structure
Highly specialized. The proximal (lower) half is plumulaceous (downy) for insulation, while the distal (upper) half is pennaceous but with incredibly soft, fringed barbules (fimbriae) that break up air turbulence.
Texture & Surface
Extremely soft, velvety, and 'woolly' to the touch. It lacks the oily sheen of waterfowl and the stiff rigidity of a hawk feather, possessing a matte finish that absorbs light.
Key Features
Distinguished by the 'comb-like' soft edges and wavy, mottled tan-on-brown barring. The excessive down at the base combined with the specific vermiculated pattern is diagnostic for Bubo virginianus.
Habitat
Highly adaptable, found in deciduous and evergreen forests, swamps, deserts, agricultural areas, and even suburban parks or urban cemeteries.
Geographic Range
Year-round resident throughout North and South America, ranging from the Arctic treeline in the north to the tip of South America.
Ecological Role
Apex nocturnal predator. They control populations of rodents, rabbits, and other birds. Their presence indicates a healthy, diverse ecosystem with adequate prey levels.
Similar Species
Long-eared Owl (smaller, different barring pattern) and Barred Owl (horizontal bars on breast, vertical on belly; softer gray tones).
Interesting Facts
Great Horned Owls can exert over 300 pounds per square inch of pressure with their talons and are one of the few predators that regularly hunt skunks, as they have a poor sense of smell.
Condition Notes
Good condition. There is some minor separation of the barbs (splits) near the mid-vane, likely from naturally occurring wear or the molting process.