
Red-tailed Hawk (Buzzard, Hen Harrier)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Symmetrical vane with a rounded tip, broad oval outline
- Size
- Approximately 4 to 5 inches long, typical of a large body or covert feather for this species range
- Rarity
- Very Common and widespread throughout its natural range
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Description
A magnificent medium-to-large raptor, the Red-tailed Hawk is known for its broad wings and short, wide tail which is typically brick-red in adults. They are powerful hunters with keen eyesight, soaring in wide circles while searching for small mammals.
Colour & Pattern
Striking barred pattern featuring alternating dark brown and warm buff/tan bands, with a prominent pale cream-colored edge and a robust yellowish-orange rachis
Barb Structure
Pennaceous vane on the upper half with tightly interlocked barbs and barbicels, transitioning to a semiplume-like plumulaceous structure at the base
Texture & Surface
Smooth and firm on the upper pennaceous portion, becoming soft and fluffy at the base; matte finish with no iridescence
Key Features
Distinctive bold dark brown and buff/tan barring, robust yellowish rachis, and a rounded contour feather shape characteristic of a large Buteo hawk
Habitat
Extremely adaptable, found in deserts, scrublands, urban areas, agricultural fields, grasslands, deciduous and coniferous forests
Geographic Range
Widespread across North America from Alaska and northern Canada down to Panama and the West Indies
Ecological Role
Acts as a top apex avian predator helping to regulate rodent and small mammal populations, serving as an important ecological indicator of environmental health
Similar Species
Swainson's Hawk, Ferruginous Hawk, and Rough-legged Hawk, distinguished by specific bar width, rachis coloration, and overall patterning
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed Hawks are frequently featured in films and media as the quintessential screeching hawk sound effect, regardless of which bird is actually shown
Condition Notes
Good condition with intact barbs and minimal wear, displaying vibrant coloration without significant fading or damage