
Red-tailed Hawk
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Symmetrical vane with a rounded tip, broad and fluffy outline
- Size
- Approximately 5 to 7 inches long, consistent with a large body or flank contour feather of a medium-to-large raptor
- Rarity
- Common and widespread, regularly encountered throughout its range
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a robust, adaptable raptor with broad wings and a short, wide tail. Adults typically feature a rich reddish-brown upper tail and heavily streaked underparts, making them one of the most easily recognizable hawks in North America
Colour & Pattern
White or pale cream background marked with distinct, dark brown horizontal bars and spots, showing characteristic reddish-brown tones near the tip
Barb Structure
Mixed structure featuring a pennaceous upper vane with distinct barbs and a plumulaceous base with loose, downy barbs lacking strong hooklets
Texture & Surface
Soft and silky at the base with a slightly stiffer, smooth pennaceous tip, overall matte finish
Key Features
Distinctive dark brown barring and spotting on a white or pale background, combined with soft contour feather texture and reddish-brown tonal hints
Habitat
Open country, scrublands, deserts, urban areas, woodlands, and agricultural fields across North America
Geographic Range
Widespread across North America, from Alaska and Canada down through the United States, Mexico, and Central America, with resident and migratory populations
Ecological Role
Acts as an apex avian predator helping to regulate rodent and small mammal populations, serving as a key ecological indicator of healthy open habitats
Similar Species
Rough-legged Hawk and Ferruginous Hawk, which can be distinguished by specific leg feathering and different barring patterns on their contour feathers
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed Hawks have incredible eyesight, allowing them to spot a mouse from 100 feet in the air. Their iconic scream is frequently used in Hollywood films to represent any soaring eagle or hawk
Condition Notes
Fair condition with some fraying and separation along the barbules on the right side of the vane, but overall structurally intact