
Red-tailed Hawk (Chicken Hawk)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Symmetrical vane with a rounded tip, showing a semi-plumulaceous base transitioning into a pennaceous upper vane.
- Size
- Approximately 4 to 5 inches long, typical for a larger breast or flank contour feather of a Red-tailed Hawk.
- Rarity
- Very Common
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a large, robust raptor with broad wings and a short, wide tail. Adults typically feature a rich reddish-brown upper tail, pale underparts with a streaked belly band, and dark patagial marks on the leading edge of the underwings. They are soaring hunters, frequently seen perched on roadside poles or circling gracefully overhead in search of small mammals.
Colour & Pattern
Rich warm brown upper pennaceous tip with paler buffy-brown margins, transitioning down to a stark white, fluffy downy base at the proximal end.
Barb Structure
Pennaceous at the upper tip with interlocked barbicels, transitioning into a loose, fluffy plumulaceous (downy) structure at the base with no pronounced aftershaft.
Texture & Surface
Soft and silky at the base due to downy barbs, becoming slightly stiffer and smoother toward the brown pennaceous tip.
Key Features
Rich brown upper vane transitioning abruptly into a fluffy white downy base, combined with a pale yellow-white rachis characteristic of medium-sized diurnal raptor body feathers.
Habitat
Adapts to a remarkably wide range of habitats, including deserts, scrublands, urban areas, roadside corridors, agricultural fields, grasslands, and deciduous or coniferous forests.
Geographic Range
Widely distributed throughout North America, extending from western Alaska and northern Canada down through Central America and the Caribbean.
Ecological Role
As apex avian predators, Red-tailed Hawks play a vital role in regulating populations of small mammals, rodents, and reptiles, serving as key indicators of ecosystem health.
Similar Species
Other large North American raptors such as the Cooper's Hawk, Swainson's Hawk, or Ferruginous Hawk, which can be distinguished by specific barring, coloration, and finer structural differences.
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed Hawks have incredible eyesight, allowing them to spot a mouse from 100 feet in the air. Their iconic, harsh screech is frequently used in Hollywood films to represent any soaring eagle or hawk, regardless of whether the bird shown is actually a Red-tailed Hawk.
Condition Notes
Good condition; the barbs are mostly intact with minor fraying along the edges and some natural wear at the tip, indicating a naturally molted feather.