
Red-tailed Hawk (Red-tail)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: Buteo jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical vane with a broadly rounded tip and defined dark transverse barring across a pale and greyish background.
- Size
- Approximately 8 to 10 inches long, consistent with a medium-sized secondary flight feather from a mature Buteo hawk.
- Rarity
- Very Common
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a large, powerful raptor with broad rounded wings and a short, wide tail. Adults typically feature a rich rust-red tail that contrasts with a pale breast and streaked belly band. They are masters of the thermal, often seen soaring lazily in wide circles while emitting a harsh, rasping scream.
Colour & Pattern
Distinctive alternating dark brown and pale greyish-white bands across the feather, typical of the dorsal or ventral surface of a Red-tailed Hawk secondary flight feather with melanin-based pigmentation.
Barb Structure
Pennaceous vane with tightly interlocked barbs and functional barbicels creating a smooth, wind-resistant surface. No significant fraying.
Texture & Surface
Stiff, smooth, and matte finish with a rigid vane capable of withstanding high aerodynamic pressure during soaring flight.
Key Features
Bold dark brown transverse barring against a pale or mottled grey-white background on a broad, rounded secondary flight feather.
Habitat
Found in a remarkably diverse array of habitats including deserts, scrublands, urban areas, agricultural fields, deciduous and coniferous forests, and high-altitude grasslands.
Geographic Range
Widespread throughout North America, ranging from Alaska and northern Canada down through Central America and the Caribbean.
Ecological Role
Acts as a top avian predator helping to regulate small mammal populations such as voles, mice, rabbits, and squirrels, serving as a key indicator of ecosystem health.
Similar Species
Swainson's Hawk and Ferruginous Hawk, which can be distinguished by subtle differences in bar spacing, coloration hues, and regional distribution.
Interesting Facts
The Red-tailed Hawk's iconic screaming cry is so dramatic and evocative of wildness that Hollywood sound designers routinely use it as a universal vocal stand-in for any raptor in movies, even bald eagles.
Condition Notes
Good condition with intact barbs, clean rachis, and no visible fault bars or parasitic damage.