
Red-tailed Hawk (Red-tail)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: B. jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical vane with a broad, rounded tip
- Size
- Approximately 8-10 inches long, consistent with a medium-to-large Buteo secondary flight feather
- Rarity
- Very Common
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a robust, heavy-set raptor with broad, rounded wings and a short, wide tail. Adults typically feature a rich rust-red tail, brown upperparts, and a pale chest streaked with a dark belly band. They are masters of soaring flight, often seen circling effortlessly over open fields.
Colour & Pattern
Distinctive horizontal brown barring across a white and light-buff background, featuring a pale leading edge and a prominent dark brown subterminal band
Barb Structure
Tightly interlocked pennaceous vane with strong barbicels, some fluffy plumulaceous barbs at the very base
Texture & Surface
Stiff, smooth, and matte with high rigidity along the vane, excellent for aerodynamics
Key Features
Clear white-and-brown horizontal barring with a rounded tip, distinguishing it from the pointed primaries of falcons or the longer, narrower feathers of northern harriers
Habitat
Extremely adaptable, inhabiting deserts, scrublands, urban areas, scrub forests, grasslands, and agricultural fields
Geographic Range
Widespread throughout North America, ranging from Alaska and northern Canada down through Central America and the Caribbean
Ecological Role
Acts as an apex avian predator helping to control rodent and small mammal populations, serving as a key ecological health indicator
Similar Species
Rough-legged Hawk, Swainson's Hawk, and Ferruginous Hawk, which can be distinguished by specific differences in barring patterns, size, and coloration
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed Hawks have incredible vision, allowing them to spot a mouse from 100 feet in the air. Their iconic piercing scream is frequently used in Hollywood films to sound like any soaring eagle or hawk
Condition Notes
Good condition with minor wear at the tip, intact barbs, and clean structural integrity