
Red-tailed Hawk (Red-tail)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: Buteo jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical vane, rounded to broadly pointed tip, broad overall outline with characteristic dark subterminal banding.
- Size
- Approximately 8-10 inches visible, consistent with a medium-to-large raptor secondary flight feather.
- Rarity
- Very Common, one of the most frequently encountered and widely distributed hawks in North America.
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Description
The Red-tailed Hawk is a robust, adaptable raptor with broad wings and a short, wide tail. Adults typically display a bright rust-red tail, while juveniles have brown-banded tails. They are powerful soarers, often seen circling high in the sky or perched on roadside poles.
Colour & Pattern
Muted grayish-brown background with prominent dark brown transverse bars and a distinct lighter subterminal or intermediate band. The rachis is off-white to pale horn-colored.
Barb Structure
Tightly interlocked pennaceous structure with well-developed barbicels forming a strong, cohesive vane. Intact barbs with minor fraying along the lower edge.
Texture & Surface
Stiff, smooth, and matte texture with strong vane rigidity designed to withstand air resistance during flight.
Key Features
Broad flight feather with distinct horizontal dark brown bands against a greyish-brown background and a sturdy, pale central rachis.
Habitat
Inhabits a wide variety of open country, deserts, scrublands, urban areas, agricultural fields, and deciduous or coniferous forests.
Geographic Range
Widespread across North America, from Alaska and Canada down through the United States, Mexico, and parts of Central America and the Caribbean.
Ecological Role
Acts as an apex avian predator helping to control rodent and small mammal populations, serving as a key indicator of ecosystem health.
Similar Species
Rough-legged Hawk, Swainson's Hawk, and Ferruginous Hawk. Distinguished by specific banding width, background tone, and exact feather proportions.
Interesting Facts
Red-tailed hawks have exceptional vision, capable of spotting a mouse from over 100 feet in the air. Their iconic scream is frequently used in Hollywood films to sound like any eagle or hawk, regardless of whether a Red-tail is pictured.
Condition Notes
Good condition with minor wear and slight fraying at the edges, typical of a naturally molted feather found in the field.