
Canada Goose, also known as Canadian Goose (though Canada Goose is the correct ornithological name).
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Anseriformes, Family: Anatidae, Genus: Branta, Species: Branta canadensis
Family: Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, and Swans)
- Shape
- Highly asymmetrical with a very narrow leading edge (outer vane) and a broad trailing edge (inner vane). It features a distinct emargination or 'notch' on the trailing edge toward the tip, which is an aerodynamic adaptation for reducing turbulence during heavy flight.
- Size
- Approximately 10 to 12 inches (25-30 cm) in length. This is characteristic of large primary feathers for this species, which are built for powerful, sustained migration.
- Rarity
- Very Common. One of the most widespread and easily observed large birds in North America.
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Description
This is a primary flight feather from a Canada Goose, a large waterfowl known for its black head and neck, white 'chinstrap' cheek patch, and brownish-grey body. They are famous for their V-formation flight patterns and loud 'honking' vocalizations. They are heavy birds that require powerful, stiff flight feathers to take off from water.
Colour & Pattern
Dark brownish-black to charcoal on the distal end and leading edge, fading to a lighter, more silvery-grey or taupe on the proximal inner vane. The underside (ventral) is paler and more reflective/silvery. It lacks banding, which distinguishes it from many raptors.
Barb Structure
Predominantly pennaceous and tightly interlocked with microscopic barbicels to create a wind-resistant surface. The base features a small plumulaceous (downy) section for insulation. The barbs are very stiff and resilient.
Texture & Surface
Smooth, stiff, and somewhat waxy to the touch. The surface has a waterproof quality common to waterfowl, which is achieved through preen oil application. The vane is very rigid to withstand the force of a goose's heavy wingbeat.
Key Features
Large size, deep charcoal/dark brown color without banding, extreme asymmetry, ivory-colored thick rachis, and the characteristic aerodynamic notch on the upper third of the inner vane.
Habitat
Extremely adaptable; found in wetlands, ponds, lakes, rivers, grain fields, and frequently in suburban areas like parks, golf courses, and lawns near water.
Geographic Range
Native to North America, breeding from the Arctic down to the southern United States. While many are migratory, Maryland has a large year-round resident 'non-migratory' population.
Ecological Role
Primarily herbivores that graze on grasses and grains. They serve as a food source for large predators and help cycle nutrients between aquatic and terrestrial environments. Their populations in Maryland are stable and, in some urban areas, Considered overabundant.
Similar Species
Black Vulture (feathers are darker/blacker and lack the silvery underside); Wild Turkey (would have distinct white/buff barring); Bald Eagle (juvenile feathers are larger and lack the specific notched-taper of a goose primary).
Interesting Facts
Canada Geese are known for their strong pair bonds, often mating for life. A group of geese on the ground is called a 'gaggle,' but when flying in their iconic formation, they are referred to as a 'skein.' Their primary feathers are so strong they were historically preferred for high-quality writing quills.
Condition Notes
Good condition. There is slight fraying at the tip and some separation of the barbs (splits) along the trailing edge, likely from impact with vegetation or ground wear. The rachis remains strong and unbleached.
Notes
Maryland