
Great Horned Owl (Hoot Owl, Tiger Owl)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Strigiformes, Family: Strigidae, Genus: Bubo, Species: Bubo virginianus
Family: Strigidae (Typical Owls)
- Shape
- Symmetrical vane with a rounded tip and an elongated, tapering overall outline
- Size
- Approximately 4 to 5 inches long, typical of a medium-to-large body or flank contour feather for a Great Horned Owl
- Rarity
- Common and widespread throughout most of its natural range
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Description
The Great Horned Owl is a powerful, heavily-built apex nocturnal predator easily recognized by its prominent ear tufts, striking yellow eyes, and deep hooting call. It possesses exceptional night vision and acute hearing, allowing it to ambush a diverse array of prey ranging from mice and rabbits to large birds and mammals.
Colour & Pattern
Intricate mottled and barred pattern featuring alternating shades of dark brown, charcoal, grey, and buff/white speckling, creating a disruptive camouflage effect
Barb Structure
Dual structure with a tightly interlocked pennaceous upper tip containing barbicels, and a loose, fluffy plumulaceous basal portion without strong hooklets for thermal insulation
Texture & Surface
Soft and velvety texture with a matte finish; the lack of a harsh metallic sheen helps absorb sound for silent flight, while the base is extremely fluffy and down-like
Key Features
Complex dark-and-grey vermiculated barring with buff accents, combined with a uniquely soft, velvety surface texture and a fluffy plumulaceous base characteristic of owl contour feathers
Habitat
Incredibly adaptable, found in a wide variety of habitats including deciduous and evergreen forests, swamps, deserts, tundra edges, agricultural areas, and urban parks
Geographic Range
Widespread throughout the Americas, ranging from the subarctic regions of North America down through Central America and deep into South America
Ecological Role
Acts as a top nocturnal apex predator, playing a vital role in regulating rodent and small mammal populations, thereby maintaining healthy ecosystem balances
Similar Species
Barred Owl (Strix varia) and Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus), which feature similarly barred brown and grey plumage but differ slightly in exact scale, coloration hues, and microscopic barb characteristics
Interesting Facts
Great Horned Owls are among the earliest nesting birds in North America, often beginning courtship and egg-laying as early as January. Their specialized flight feathers have soft, frayed fringes that muffle sound, enabling completely silent attacks.
Condition Notes
Good condition with intact barbs at the tip and fluffy, undamaged down at the base, showing very little wear, fading, or structural breakage