
Bald Eagle (American Eagle)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Haliaeetus, Species: H. leucocephalus
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
- Shape
- Symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical vane, broad shape with a rounded tip, typical of large soaring raptor secondary flight feathers.
- Size
- Approximately 12 to 14 inches long. This is consistent with a secondary flight feather from a large adult or sub-adult Bald Eagle, whose secondary feathers typically range from 10 to 16 inches.
- Rarity
- Common within its preferred range and recovering strongly, though locally uncommon in heavily developed areas.
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Description
The Bald Eagle is a magnificent bird of prey and the national emblem of the United States. Adults are instantly recognizable with their dark brown bodies, brilliant white heads and tails, and bright yellow beaks and feet. Juveniles are mottled brown and white, taking up to five years to attain adult plumage. They are powerful flyers with a massive wingspan reaching up to 7 feet.
Colour & Pattern
Rich dark brown to chocolate-brown coloration throughout the vane, with a robust, off-white to yellowish-cream central rachis. The coloration is typical of a juvenile or sub-adult Bald Eagle before it develops its iconic white head and tail plumage.
Barb Structure
Strongly pennaceous with tightly interlocked barbs and well-developed barbicels providing high structural integrity for flight. No afterfeather (aftershaft) is present, which is typical for raptor flight feathers. The barbs are mostly intact with slight fraying near the base.
Texture & Surface
Stiff, durable, and smooth with a matte finish. Designed to withstand strong aerodynamic forces during flight and soaring.
Key Features
Large size, robust cream-colored rachis contrasting sharply with uniform dark brown pennaceous barbs, and a broad, rounded secondary flight feather profile.
Habitat
Found near large bodies of open water with an abundant food supply and old-growth trees for nesting, including lakes, reservoirs, rivers, coastal estuaries, and marine shores.
Geographic Range
Confined to North America, ranging from Alaska and Canada down through the contiguous United States to northern Mexico. Most populations are year-round residents or partial migrants depending on winter ice conditions.
Ecological Role
Apex avian predator at the top of the aquatic food web, primarily feeding on fish, waterfowl, and carrion. Serves as an important ecological indicator of wetland and aquatic ecosystem health.
Similar Species
Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), whose flight feathers often feature more pronounced barring or pale bases, and large Buteo hawks, which are significantly smaller in scale.
Interesting Facts
Bald Eagles build the largest tree nests recorded for any bird species, sometimes weighing over two tons and used for decades. Their eyesight is roughly four to five times sharper than human vision.
Condition Notes
Good condition. The rachis is strong and unbroken, with minor wear and slight fraying visible at the basal margin of the vane. Overall color remains rich without severe sun bleaching.