
Bald Eagle
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Haliaeetus, Species: H. leucocephalus
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Allies)
- Shape
- Highly asymmetrical vane with deep emargination on the leading edge and a tapered, pointed tip.
- Size
- Approximately 12-16 inches (30-40 cm) in length; consistent with the outer primary feathers of a large raptor.
- Rarity
- Common in appropriate habitat, though protected; populations have seen a significant recovery and are no longer listed as endangered.
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Description
This is a large, powerful primary flight feather from a North American icon. The Bald Eagle is a massive raptor with a wingspan of 6-7.5 feet. Adults have a white head and tail with a dark chocolate body, while juveniles are mottled brown and white. They are known for their spectacular aerial displays and heavy, hooked yellow beaks.
Colour & Pattern
Dark brown to blackish-brown overall. The base shows some lighter mottled white/cream coloring, suggesting this feather may be from a sub-adult or immature bird (2nd to 4th year).
Barb Structure
Pennaceous and tightly interlocked throughout the main vane for flight stability, with plumulaceous (fluffy) barbs at the base (calamus area).
Texture & Surface
Stiff, smooth, and slightly glossy on the dorsal surface; designed for aerodynamic rigour and wind resistance.
Key Features
Extreme asymmetry, deep emargination on the outer vane, large size, and the characteristic dark brown coloration with a thick pale rachis.
Habitat
Found near large bodies of open water with an abundance of fish, such as lakes, rivers, and coastal regions.
Geographic Range
Resident or migratory across North America, from Alaska and Canada throughout the contiguous United States and northern Mexico.
Ecological Role
Apex predator and scavenger. They play a vital role in maintaining the health of fish populations and cleaning up salmon runs.
Similar Species
Golden Eagle (Haliaeetus feathers have a distinct curve/taper compared to the more rectangular Golden Eagle feathers) and Turkey Vulture (Vultures have a more silver-grey underside and no white mottling at the base).
Interesting Facts
Bald Eagles build the largest nests of any North American bird, sometimes weighing over a ton. They are also known to practice 'kleptoparasitism,' where they steal fish from other birds like Ospreys.
Condition Notes
Fair to Good. Shows significant wear and damage along the trailing edge (notching/tearing), likely from a natural molt or contact with branches. No signs of parasites.