
Red-tailed Hawk (alternate names: Buzzard-hawk, Chickenhawk)
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Accipitriformes, Family: Accipitridae, Genus: Buteo, Species: Buteo jamaicensis
Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Allies)
- Shape
- Relatively symmetrical with a slightly asymmetrical vane base; broad and elongated with a rounded tip characteristic of broad-winged soaring hawks.
- Size
- Estimated 8-10 inches (20-25 cm) in length. Typical for an adult Red-tailed Hawk tail feather.
- Rarity
- Very Common. One of the most widespread and frequently seen raptors in North America.
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Description
This feather belongs to the adult Red-tailed Hawk, a large Buteo with broad, rounded wings and a short, wide tail. Adult hawks are famous for the namesake cinnabar-red tail that glows when back-lit by the sun. They are often seen perched on telephone poles or soaring in thermals, emitting a husky, screaming 'kee-ee-arrr' call.
Colour & Pattern
Distinctive rufous or brick-red dorsal color with a subtle dark subterminal band near the tip. The underside is typically a pale pinkish-white. This coloration indicates an adult bird (at least 2 years old), as juveniles have brown-banded tails.
Barb Structure
Densely packed pennaceous barbs providing a firm, wind-resistant surface for flight; plumulaceous at the extreme base (calamus area).
Texture & Surface
Smooth, stiff, and somewhat matte. The surface is designed to withstand high air pressure during soaring and steering.
Key Features
Unmistakable rufous/orange-red coloration without heavy barring; large size; stiff, broad rachis; and rounded apex.
Habitat
Extremely versatile: found in open woodlands, grasslands, agricultural fields, scrublands, and increasingly in urban and suburban parklands.
Geographic Range
Year-round resident across most of North America, from central Alaska and Canada down through Central America to the West Indies. Northern populations are migratory.
Ecological Role
Apex predator and critical for rodent control. They occupy a high trophic level and serve as indicators of environmental health.
Similar Species
Ferruginous Hawk (typically has more white/paler tail), Red-shouldered Hawk (shorter, heavily banded black and white tail), and Juvenile Red-tailed Hawk (brown with many dark thin bars).
Interesting Facts
The Red-tailed Hawk's scream is so iconic that it is almost always used in Hollywood movies to represent any eagle or hawk, including the Bald Eagle (which actually has a much weaker, chirping call).
Condition Notes
Fair to Good. Shows signs of wear along the trailing edge (fraying), common in molted feathers that have reached the end of their lifecycle.