Golden Eagle

This is a massive primary feather from a Golden Eagle, a majestic raptor with a wingspan of up to 7.5 feet. The bird itself is dark brown with golden-brown feathers on the nape of the neck. In flight, they are characterized by their slight 'V' or dihedral wing position and steady, powerful soaring.

Predominantly dark sepia brown to nearly black. The base of the feather shows some lighter tawny/buff mottling, characteristic of adult plumage. It lacks the stark white patches found in juvenile birds.

Pennaceous and tightly interlocked for aerodynamic integrity; the barbs are stiff and resistant to separation. The base shows some plumulaceous (downy) structure near the calamus.

Very stiff and coarse. The surface is matte with a slight waxy bloom that provides water resistance. The trailing edge is naturally frayed from wind wear.

Large size, extreme asymmetry, ivory-colored thick rachis base, and deep emargination on the inner vane. The solid dark brown color distinguishes it from the white-based feathers of juveniles.

Open and semi-open country, particularly mountainous regions, rimrock, cliffs, and canyons. They avoid heavily forested areas to facilitate large-wing soaring and hunting.

Holarctic distribution. Found throughout the Northern Hemisphere including North America, Eurasia, and parts of North Africa. In North America, they are most common in the West.

Apex predator and scavenger. They play a vital role in regulating populations of small mammals and serve as an indicator species for environmental health and toxicity (such as lead poisoning).

Juvenile Bald Eagle feathers (which usually have more white mottling and a darker rachis), Turkey Vulture (shorter, dual-toned grey/black), and California Condor (significantly larger and rarer).

Golden Eagles are known to be capable of killing prey as large as deer or even young bears, though they primarily eat jackrabbits and ground squirrels. They can reach speeds of up to 150-200 mph during a dive (stoop).

Fair to Good. The feather shows significant environmental wear and 'vane-splitting' along the trailing edge, typical of a molted feather that has survived a full season of flight and exposure.